Memory - Short-Term

Also known as:  STM;  Temporary Memory

Short-Term Memory is the type of Memory used to remember information "in use," such as a telephone numbers and addresses.

Alkaloids

 Galanthamine may help to reverse the impairment in Short-Term Memory that occurs as a result of excessive long-term Alcohol (ethanol) consumption.  ^[1]

 Nicotine may improve Short-Term Memory.  ^[2]

 Yohimbine may improve Short-Term Memory (by increasing Norepinephrine levels within the Brain).  ^[3]

Amino Acids

 Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALC) (2,500 - 3,000 mg per day) may improve Short-Term Memory (especially in Alzheimer's Disease patients).  ^[4]

 Creatine Monohydrate may improve Short-Term Memory.  ^[5]

Hormones

 Androstenedione may improve Short-Term Memory (this effect occurs via the conversion of Androstenedione to Testosterone, a known enhancer of Memory).  ^[6]

 Estrogens may improve Short-Term Memory.  ^[7]

 Human Growth Hormone (hGH) may improve Short-Term Memory.  ^[8]

 Pregnenolone may improve Short-Term Memory via these mechanisms:  ^[9]

 By maintaining the “program” that Neurons require in order to store and retrieve Short-Term Memory.

 By stimulating the endogenous enzyme Adenyl Cyclase.

 By regulating the timed-sequential flow of Calcium Ions through Cell Membranes (the pattern of Calcium ion exchange contains important information content and probably determines how Memory is encoded by Neurons.

 By modulating Calcium-Protein binding.

 By modulating Gene activation.

 By modulating Protein turnover.

 (In summary, Pregnenolone modulates many aspects of neuronal synchronization that are required for optimal Mental Function).

 Pregnenolone is speculated to achieve many of its cognitive-enhancement effects by affecting the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) Receptors (GABAa subtype) in the Brain.

 Optimal Testosterone levels may enhance Short-Term Memory (and supplemental Testosterone replacement therapy may further enhance Short-Term Memory). 

Lipids

 Phosphatidylserine (PS) may improve Short-Term Memory.