Gout

Gout affects more than 3 million people annually in the US alone. Considered a form of Arthritis where excess Uric Acid is present in the blood, causing accumulation and deposition of uric acid crystals (monosodium urate) around joint tissue, primarily affecting the big toe. Feet, ankles, knees, and hands can also be affected by gout. Acute gout is characterized by redness, heat, and swelling, with potentially excruciating pain that may last for days to weeks.

A genetic defect in purine metabolism, known as Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, may increase endogenous purine production, thereby elevating uric acid concentrations. Approximately 70% of gout patients have an overproduction of Uric Acid, and the remaining 30% of gout patients have defective elimination of uric acid. 

 Gout affects approximately 3%-4% of the population in the Western world and can be hereditary. Among individuals under 65, rates were 4 times those of women; among those aged 65 and older, rates were 3 times higher. Gout among black men was almost twice that among white men. The incidence of gout was 10.9% among black men and 5.8% among white men. ^[1]

Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis in adult males. ^[2]

Amino Acids

 Glycine up to 30 grams per day may be a useful adjunct therapy for the treatment of gout.  ^[3]

 Orotic Acid 4,000 mg per day for six days, may alleviate gout by reducing Monosodium Urate levels.   

Enzymes

 Anecdotal evidence suggests that taking 500 mg of Bromelain every 3 hours during an acute gout attack may help alleviate joint inflammation.   

Minerals

 Boron may help to prevent and treat gout.

 Lithium in low dosages may help to prevent and treat gout:  ^[4]

 Geographical areas of the world with the highest Lithium levels in their water have a lower incidence of gout.

Over-the-Counter Medication 

  Ibuprofen is often prescribed for inflammation and pain associated with gout. Overuse of Ibuprofen can produce a toxic effect.

  Ibuprofen overuse or high-dose intake primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and liver. It can cause stomach ulcers, bleeding, and gastritis due to reduced protective mucus.

Polyphenols